The birthplace and spiritual home of Islam, Saudi Arabia is as rich in attractions as it is in stirring symbolism. It is also one of the most difficult places on earth to visit.

 

For those who do get in, rock-hewn Madain Saleh is Arabia's greatest treasure. Other wonders abound, from the echoes of TE Lawrence along the Hejaz Railway to the mudbrick ruins of Dir'aiyah. Jeddah, gateway to the holy cities of Mecca and Medina, has an enchanting old city made of coral, while the Red Sea coast has world-class diving. Elsewhere, this is a land of astonishing natural beauty, particularly the plunging landscapes of the Asir Mountains in the Kingdom's southwest.

 

Independent travel is almost unheard of, and there are many hurdles to be jumped. Inquisitive and determined travellers will doubtlessly find a way in however, and there are ways to do so.

It’s worth bearing in mind however, that any female travellers are likely to have a different experience, indeed female visitors are only allowed into the country if accompanied by a male and will find that many restaurants and internet cafés are male-only.